Linotype-machine.



PATENTED FEB. 3, 1903. G. A. BATES. LINOTYPB MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 11, 1902.

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' PATENTED FEB; '3, 1903.

e. A. BATES. LINOTYPE MACHINE.

APPLIUATION IILED FEB. 11, 1902.

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a P w PATENTE D FEB. 3, 1903. G. A. BATES.

LINOTYPE MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED FEB. 11, 1902.

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- in the delivery of GEORGE A. BATES, OF BROOKLYN, NElV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO MERGEN- THALER LINOTYPE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

LlNOTYPE-JVIACHINE.

:sr'ECIFIOATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 719,422, dated February 3, 1903.

Application filed February 11, 1902. Serial No. 93,497.

To (LZZ whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. BATES, of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Linotype-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to improvements in linotype-machines of the character represented in Letters Patent of the United States No. 640,033, in which individual matrices are stored in two magazines, one overlying the other and having their escapement devices actuated by shifting connections from a single keyboard, so that the matrices from either or both magazines may be delivered with the usual spacers from their magazine to one assembler for transference to the casting mechanism in which the linotype is produced, the matrix-line being thereafter lifted as a unit to the top of the machine and. the matrices separated and delivered individually to the distributor of the upper or the lower magazine, as required.

It consists in mechanism for delivering the wedge spacers or justifiers to the line in, course of composition in a longer or shorter interval after the operation of the space-key, according as the matrices are being delivered at the instant from the upper or the lower magazine, this to compensate for the slight difference in time required for the passage of matrices from the respective magazines to the line, to the end that transposition in the line may be prevented.

It further consists in coupling together the keyboard connections and the space-delivery devices above referred to, so that the change matrices from one magazine or the other will automatically eifect the change in the speed of delivery of spacers.

In the accompanying drawings I have limited the illustrations to such parts of the linetype-machine as are necessary to an understanding of my invention.

The general organization of the machine with two magazines and shifting connections to a single keyboard is essentially the same as that in the United States Patent No. 640,033 to J. R. Rogers, dated December 26, 1899, while the keyboard and its immediate connections are essentially the same as those in (No model.)

United States Patent No. 530,931 to P. T. Dodge, dated December 18, 1894, except as to the particular matters hereinafter pointed out.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section from front to rear through the lower ends of the two magazines, the keyboard proper, and the intermediate connections. Fig. 1 is a bottom planview showing escapements of the upper magazine with the separating-plates and actuating-bars. Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the connections for looking out of action the escapements of either magazine when matrices are to be delivered from the other and also the associated devices for hastening or retarding the delivery of the spacers to the line. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a detail. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the keyboard and attendant parts for actuating the spacedelivery devices with variable speed. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical transverse sections through the devices for determining the action of the space-delivering mechanism on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the space-bar magazine, showing one of the space-bars suspendedtherein.

Referring to Fig. 1, A representsthe rigid main frame of the machine, and B B the two stationary magazines, arranged in inclined positions, so that the matrices Y, delivered into their upper ends by the distributing mechanism, will descend through them by gravity and escape one at a time at the lower ends as they are released by the escapement devices. The two magazines deliver the matrices through intermediate guiding or conducting devices to a common assembler, in which they are assembled or composed in line. The construction and arrangement of the foregoing parts are essentially the same as the correspondingly-lettered parts in Patent No. 640,033, above referred to. The magazines are grooved or channeled longitudinally, as usual, to receive and guide the matrices in rows one endwise behind another. Each of the magazines is provided,

, but in a reversed zine-frame and bearing on keyboard. The connections shown operate on the same general plan as those represented in the earlier patent-and in themselves are not'claimed as of my invention.

Escapements of the upper maguzz'ne.0 represents one escapement of the upper magazine, located on the under side and consisting, as usual, of a centrally-pivoted lever carrying at opposite ends two pawls, which are projected upward alternately through the bottom of the magazine by the rocking of the lever. A spring 0, secured to the magazineframe, bears at one end upward under the rear end of the escapement-lever and tends to depress the lower pawl in order to permit the escape of the matrixdetained in the mouth of the magazine. This action is prevented, however, when the parts are at rest and the lower pawl held in its elevated position by the downward pull of the vertical sliding key bar or reed D, which is mounted in guides 61 and din the main frame and urged constantly downward by a spring d of such strength as to overcome the spring 0 and hold the escapement normally in the position shown in Fig. 1. The escapement-levers, arranged in a row across the magazine, are separated from each other by fixed plates 0 which are extended rearward beyond the escapement-levers in order to overlap and guide the upper ends of the bars or reeds D, which are thus prevented from movinglaterally out of engagement with the levers. When the-key bar or reed D is raised by the keyboard connections, hereinafter described, so that the escapement is relieved from the downward pull, the spring 0 reverses the position of the escapement, retracting the lower pawl and permitting the escape of the under matrix, to he succeeded in its position by the next matrix in the row. The above action of the escapement is the same as in the commercial linotype-machine of the present day.

Escapements ofthe lower magazine.Passing now to the escapements of the lower magazine, which are mounted on its upper side, as shown at E, they are of essentially the same construction as those of the upper magazine, or inverted position, the centrally-pivoted lever having the pawls or dogs at its opposite ends projected downward through the top plate of the magazine and actuated by a spring 6, fixed to the magathe upper or rear end of the escapement-lever with a tendency to retract the lower pawl of the escapement to effect the release of the end matrix. This releasing action of the escapement under the influence of the spring 6 is, however, prevented, as in the case of the upper escapement, by the downward pull of the key-bar D, which communicates with the escapement E through an intermediate lever 6 mounted centrally on a fixed pivot and having its rear end connected by a link e with the rear end of the escapement, while its forward end lies beneath a shoulder d on the key-bar D. The

downward pull of the key-bar D under the influence of its spring d holds the escapement E normally in its elevated position; butwhen the key-bar is raised by the keyboard connections it permits the escapement to reverse its position and discharge the matrix.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the one key-bar D controls the action of two escapements, one for each magazine, the escapement of the upper being controlled directly and that of the lower magazine through the lever e Locking the escapements.As the one keybar controls the escapement of both magazines and as a matrix is to be delivered from only one magazine at a time, it follows that provision must be made for preventing the operation of one escapement or the other, according as a matrix is required from the upper or the lower magazine. For this purpose I mount in the frame of each magazine outside of the magazine proper a device for locking all the escapements of the magazine out of action at will. This locking device consists in the case of the upper magazine of a longitudinally-grooved rock-shaft F, mounted directly over the rear ends of the escapementlevers. WVhen turned to the position shown in Fig. 1, this shaft presents its cutaway side Opposite the escapement-levers, which are left free to operate and deliver the matrices in the usual manner. When, however, the shaft is given a partial rotation, the effect is to bring its solid or uncut surface downward directlyover the upper ends of the escapement-levers, which are thus locked against action. The upper end of the keybar D, which engages the escapement, is cut away, as shown, to admit of the key-bar D rising freely independently of the locked escapement. It will be seen that the locking of the upper escapements does not prevent the key-bar from rising and actuating the escapements of the lower magazine. I

The locking device for the escapements of the lower magazine is a rock-shaft G, mounted in the frame of the lower magazine under the upper ends of the escapements E, its form, arrangement, and mode of action being the same as that of the corresponding device in the upper magazine, so that when turned to one position it will lock all the escapements of the lower magazine and prevent the delivery of matrices therefrom, while in its other position itwill leave them all free to operate.

It will be observed that the locking devices F and G engage directly with the escapement-levers and lock them positively against movement, so that it is impossible for any escapement in the series to be moved accidentally either While the magazine is on the machine or when it is removed therefrom to be replaced by another.

Changing style of matrim-delivery.--The respective magazines will ordinarily be provided with matrices carrying type-faces of IIO different fonts. The change of font in the print is effected by delivering matrices from one magazine or the other. This necessitates the locking of the escapements of the two magazines by the devices above described alternately. In order to promote the instantaneous change of font and to prevent the possibility of delivering matrices from both magazines or both fonts at one time, I couple the locking-shaft F of the upper magazine and the locking-shaft G of the lower magazine, as shown in Fig. 2. The two shafts are provided, respectivelypvith crank-armsfand g, the former connecting directly with the up" per end of an elbow-lever H, while the latter is connected with the lever by a rod or link It. When, therefore, the lever H, mounted on a fixed pivot, is operated, it has the effect of turning the two locking-shafts and looking the escapements of one magazine out of action, While releasing those of the other magazine. The lever H is connected by rod It with a rocking arm or lever 7L3, mounted on a horizontal pivot immediately over the keyboard of the machine or in other convenient position in front of the operator, who is thus enabled by simply moving the forward end of the lever upward or downward to instantly adjust the parts for the delivery of matrices from one magazine or the other as required. He is enabled by this arrangement without appreciable loss of time to cause not only the delivery of a complete line of matrices from either magazine, but in one line of composition part of the matrices from one magazine and part from the other.

Indicaiovx-To the end that the operator may know at all times from which magazine or font the matrices are being delivered and that errors in composition may be prevented I propose to combine with the controlling devices an indicator of suitable form. In the preferred form this indicator consists of a plate I, provided on its face with the words Upper and Lower or like words to indicate the respective magazines. This plate is mounted to slide in guides on the back of a fixed plate or screen 1', having in its face a slot or opening through which one or the other of the words will be exposed, according to the height of the plate, which rests at its lower edge upon the reversing-lever 72. so that the movement of the lever to lock and unlock the respective series of escapements has at the same time the effect of properly adjusting the indicator.

Any suitable contrivance may be used for locking the reversing-lever 7L but I prefer, as shown in the drawings, a link 72. pivoted at one end thereto and at the opposite end to a sliding plunger 71. seated in a hole in the frame and urged outward by a spring, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The movement of the lever will throw this link over the center, so that it will tend to hold the lever in either of the two positions in which it may be placed.

'While I prefer to employ the connections above described extending from the escapement-locking devices downward within reach of the operator at the keyboard, it will of course be understood that they may be varied in form and arrangement within the limits of mechanical skill without departing from the essence of my invention.

Keyboard connections to escapements.-For the purpose of lifting the key bars or rods D to actuate the escapements I may employ finger-keys or their equivalents operating di rectly or through any suitable intermediate devices on the bars, these features forming no part of the present invention. I prefer, however, to employ the ordinary keyboard of the commercial linotype-machine illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings and set out in detailin the United States Patent to P. T. Dodge, No. 530,931.

As shown in the drawings, each of the bars D stands at its lower end directly over but out of contact with a lifting bar or yoke J, pivoted at its outer end and carrying in an interior slot a vertical cam j, mounted on a pivotj. The yokes for lifting the successive bars are extended laterally to the front and rear, this arrangement being adopted in order to secure increased space. The bars of the front and rear yokes respectively overlie two horizontal constantly-rotating rolls K and K, covered with rubber or like material. The free ends of the yokes are held normally in an elevated position by pivoted dogs L to keep the cams out of contact with the rolls, and each cam is provided with a shoulder or stud 9' which rests normally against a stop-shoulder on the overlying frame. When the parts are at rest, the cams are all held out of contact with the rolls, and these parts are for the time inert. Each dog L is connected to a vertical guide-bar M, which is in turn engaged. by the rear end of a finger-key lever N, mounted on a fixed pivot 02. Whenever a finger-key is actuated, it lifts the corresponding bar M, which disengages the dog L from the overlying yoke J, which falling lowers its cam j out of engagement with the stopshoulder above and at the same time permits it to engage with the roller below. The frictional engagement with the roll causes the cam to rotate, and by reason of its irregular or eccentric contour it raises its yoke, causing the latter to lift the rod D and permit the movement of the escapement in one magazine or the other. The yoke on falling to its original position is again arrested and sustained by the dog L, and the cam is arrested in its rotation by contact with the stop-shoulder. Thus it will be seen that the operation of the -one finger-key effects the delivery of a matrix from the upper or the lower magazine, according to the position of the respective locking-shafts F and Grand their controllinglever 72 It is to be noted that the action of the keyboard mechanism and of the key-bar D on the escapement of the upper magazine are the same as in the commercial linotype of the present day and that the invention lies in the arrangement of parts for communicating motion from the rod D to the escapements of the lower magazine and for locking the. escapements of one magazine or the other out of action for the time being, so that the se ries which isunlocked may be operated by the bars D.

Delivery of spacers-The spacing or justifying devices 0 (see Fig. 2) employed in the present machine are the same as those used in the commercial Mergenthaler machine of the present day and covered by the patent of Mergenthaler, No. 345,525, and the patent of Schuckers, No. 474,306, consisting each of a short wedge provided with suspending ears and of a long and inversely-tapered wedge connected with the short wedge by a sliding joint, so that the spacer may be handled as a unit and so that after being introduced into the line of matrices it may be expanded or widened at the operative point by thrusting the long wedge upward through the line in a manner well known to those familiar with the art. In the present machine it is found that the time required for the delivery of matrices from the lower magazine to the matrix-line being composed is slightly longer than the time required for delivery-from the upper magazine, and in order to prevent the transposition of the matrices and space-bands band to lift them clear suspended, as usual,

passing to the line I provide means for delivering the space-bands more quickly when the matrices are passing from the upper magazine than when they are passing from the lower magazine. This mechanismin its preferred form is plainly shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, in which 0 represents a space-band by its ears on the inclined side rails P of the space-band magazine and detained by shoulders at the lower ends of these rails. The delivery is effected by vertically-reciprocating lifters p,

ears of the foremost of the shoulders on the rails, so that they may pass thereover and permit the band to fall into the line below in the usual manner. The lifters p are operated by connected cranks p, actuated in turn by lever p connected to vertical keyrod 19 Heretofore this rod has been continued downward to a position to be operated by one of the cam-yokes J in the keyboard, the parts being controlled bya fingerkey and arranged to operate in the same manneras the matrix-delivery cams. In my improved construction I terminate the rod 19 at some distance above the keyboard and directly above two key-bars p and 19 which are mountedin a horizontally-movable guide 19 by which they may be shifted laterally, so that either p or 10 may be brought under the bar 19 in position to operate the same. The bars 19' and p are urged downward, as shown in Fig. 3, by springs 10 and are each arranged over one of the keyboard cam-yokes J. One

each acting under the carries a camj of substantially the same form as the other, but of greater diameter, by reason of which it is caused to receive a slower rotation from the-underlying roll K. It follows, therefore, that when the cam j and rod 19 are in action they will impartthrough the bar p a relatively quick motion to the spacedelivering device, or, in other words, effect the delivery of the space in a short time after the operation of the finger-key, and that, on the other hand, the cam j and bar p when in action will effect the delivery of the space a' relatively long time after the action of the fingerkey. very rapidly, and the difference in .timeof delivery above referred to is, in fact, very slight, but sufficient for the end in View.

In order to save time and insure the change In practice the parts operate.

in the delivery of spacers wheneverachange in the delivery of matrices from one magazine or the other occurs, I connect the mechanism which controls the matrix-delivery with the devices controlling the delivery of spacers, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5. The slidep, which controls the operation of keybars 19 and 10 is mounted in a suitable guide in the frame and moved horizontally by wedge-shaped or inclined surfaces on the lower end of a vertical slide 13 suitably guided in the main frame and connected at its upper end tothecrank-arm 71 through which the escapements of the respective magazines are locked and unlocked, as heretofore explained. WVhenever the lever or handle k is depressed, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, to cause the delivery of matrices from the lower magizine, it brings into action the key-bar p to cause the slow delivery of spacers. When, on the contrary, the arm h is lifted to cause the delivery of matrices from the upper magazine, the key-bar 10 will be brought into action and speedy delivery of the spacers will result.

Details of escapement bars.-All of the plates in the series have their ears extended up through slots in the under side of a channeled or U-shaped supporting-bar c and se cured by a long wire or pin 0 extended through the entire series. This pin holds the guide-plates firmly to their places in the slots, which latter in turn keep them parallel and prevent them from being turned or twisted out of position. This construction is exceedingly cheap, strong, and reliable and renders unnecessary a great amount of hand-work heretofore required in soldering the divisionplates to the supporting-bar.

It will be observed that the rear ends of the plates 0 are lengthened and widened vertically, so that they project beyond the escape ment-lever O and past the sides of the keybars D and springs c, which are thus guided and prevented from moving laterally out of engagement with the lever.

The channeled bar, in which the partitions are mounted as above described, is in turn seated, as shown in Fig. 1, in the under side of a horizontally-grooved bar or plate 0", forming a part of the under side of the magazine. The bar 0 is secured in the fixed bar by transverse pins 0 passed through holes, as shown in Fig. 1.

The escapements ot' the lower magazine are supported by and between partition-plates constructed and arranged like those of the upper magazine, except that they are in an inverted position, as shown in Fig. 1.

It will be observed that each of the es apement-levers G is grooved longitudinally in the rear end and the connecting-spring c bent at the end into rounded form to fit within the groove, in which it works with slight friction and without danger of escaping sidewise or coming into frictional contact with the guide-plates at the sides.

Referring again to the links a which connect the lower escapement-levers with the actuating-levers 6 it is to be noted that these links are formed in two parts screwed together, so that they may be varied in length. This is of importance in assembling the machine and also as a means for compensating for wear, since it permits the escapement and the forward end of the lever which engages the actuating-bar D to be properly adjusted throughout the series. It will be observed in this connection that the levers e are supported in and guided for the greater portion of their length by the bar 6 secured upon and forming part of the lower magazine and provided with transverse slots, in which the levers are seated.

The devices herein shown for imparting motion to the escapements of two magazines, consisting of the bars I), levers e and links 6 are not of my invention and are not claimed herein.

Having claim is 1. In a linotype-machine, a magazine, a vibratingescapement mounted therein,a spring tending to move the escapement in one direction,and an adjustable locking device, mounted in and forming part of the magazine and adapted to directly engage and lock the escapement, whereby movement of the escapement is positively prevented.

2. In a linotype-machine, a magazine, a vibrating escapement mounted therein, and a rock-shaft adapted to engage and hold the escapement.

3. In a linotype-machine, the magazines, each provided with escapements, rotary looking devices mounted in the respective magazines and directly engaging the escapements, and means connecting the two locking devices and acting to throw each out of action as the other is brought into action.

described my invention, what I 4. In a linotype-inachine, two magazines, each provided with pivoted vibrating escapements, substantially as described, in combination with a locking device permanently mounted in each magazine and adapted to directly engage its escapement, and means connecting said locking devices to throw them alternately into action.

5. In a linotype or analogous machine, a magazine provided with a series of escapement devices, in combination with an adjustable locking device permanently mounted in the magazine and adapted to directly engage and lock the series of escapements.

6. In a linotype-machine, in combination with the two magazines, locking devices F, G, for the escapements of the respective magazines, a bar 7&2 connecting the said locking devices and extending downward, and a manual device, as 7L3, at the lower end of bar 71 for actuating the same.

7. In a linotype-machine, two magazines, mechanism for controlling the delivery of matrices from the two magazines alternately, and an indicator connected therewith to show which magazine is in service.

8. In a linotype-machine and in combination with mechanism for controlling the escapements of two magazines, an indicator comprising a support with suitable indications thereon and a shield, movable one in relation to the other, whereby one indication or the other will be automatically exposed as one magazine or the other is brought into action.

9. In a linotype-machine, in combination with escapement-controlling devices, their actuating lever or handle 71, and the springactuated link 71 to hold the same in its two positions.

10. In a linotype-machine having two magazines, space-delivering devices and means whereby the speed of said devices may be increased or diminished at will in relation to the speed of the other parts.

11. In a linotype-machine, the combination of a space-delivering mechanism, two actuating-cams which are relatively fast and slow, and means whereby either cam may be brought into action at will, whereby the delivery of a space may be effected at a longer or shorter interval.

12. In a linotype-machine having two magazines and escapements for delivering matrices therefrom, means for bringing the escapements of one magazine or the other into action at will, space-delivering devices, fast and slow actuating mechanism therefor, and connections between the last-named mechanism and the escapement-controlling mechanl ism, whereby the bringing of one magazine or the other into use is caused to effect a change in the speed of delivery of the spacers.

13. In a linotype-machine, the two escapement-controlling devices, F, Gr, and an actuating device 7L3 connected therewith, in com- ,throwing p and 10 into action alternately.

.GEORGE A. BATES.

bination with space-delivering devices, their two actuating-bars p and p means for moving these bars at different speeds, and means connected with the actuating device it for 14. In combination with a lever or handle 7L3, controlling the escapement-locking devices, the slide 19 with inclined surfaces, the guide 19 actuated thereby, the fast and slow moving bars 99 and 19 a bar p arranged to actuate the space-delivering mechanism and to be actuated by p and p alternately.

15. In a linotype-machine, the combination of a space-delivering mechanism, two variant cams 7' and f, means for rotating said Witnesses:

O. E. GRANT, FRANCIS E. WHARTON.

cams and means for communicating motion l 

